为了加深理解,我们来看几个例句:
- It is not appropriate to wear casual clothes to a job interview.(穿便装去工作面试是不合适的。)
- The school should provide appropriate resources for students with special needs.(学校应该为有特殊需求的学生提供合适的资源。)
- His speech was entirely appropriate to the solemn occasion.(他的演讲完全符合那个庄重的场合。)
在这些例句中,我们可以注意到“appropriate”常与“it is appropriate (for sb.) to do sth.”这一句型搭配,这是考试中常见的用法。此外,在写作中,替换“suitable”或“proper”时,“appropriate”是一个更显书面语色彩的词汇,能够提升表达的层次。
接下来,我们来看“appropriate”的动词用法。作为动词时,发音变为 /əˈprəʊprieɪt/,重音位置不变,但结尾的“-ate”读得更为清晰。动词“appropriate”有两种完全不同的含义。第一种意思是“拨出(款项)”,通常用于正式或官方语境,指为特定目的分配资金或资源。例如,政府“appropriate funds for education”(为教育拨款)。第二种意思是“挪用”、“盗用”或“侵吞”,带有负面色彩,指未经许可而将某物占为己有,尤其是公款或公共资源。这种用法在新闻报道和法律文本中很常见。
动词的例句如下:
- The city council appropriated one million dollars for the new library project.(市议会拨款一百万美元用于新图书馆项目。)
- The dishonest official was accused of appropriating public funds for his personal use.(那位不诚实的官员被指控挪用公款供个人使用。)
- Some artists have appropriated images from popular culture in their work.(一些艺术家在其作品中挪用了流行文化中的图像。)
**试题一:词汇辨析与选择**
Choose the best word to complete the sentence.
The teacher thought that the punishment was not ______ for the minor mistake.
A. appropriate
B. approximate
C. appreciative
D. apprehensive
**试题二:完形填空**
In many cultures, it is considered ______ to ask someone how much money they earn.
A. appropriate
B. appropriately
C. inappropriate
D. inappropriately
**解析**:本题答案为C。句子结构为“it is considered + 形容词”,需要形容词作主语补足语。根据常识,在许多文化中,询问他人收入是不礼貌或不合适的,因此应选择“inappropriate”(不合适的)。选项A appropriate 意义相反;B和D为副词,不能用于此处。
**试题三:翻译题**
请将下列句子翻译成英文:
政府应该为教育拨出足够的资金。
**参考翻译**:The government should appropriate sufficient funds for education.
**解析**:此句中,“为……拨出”正是动词 appropriate 的典型用法,后面直接跟资金(funds),再接介词 for 表示用途。注意时态应为情态动词 should 加动词原形。
**试题四:阅读理解中的词义推断**
阅读以下句子,判断“appropriate”的含义。
The manager was fired for appropriating company property.
A. 拨出
B. 挪用
C. 适当
D. 接近
1. 词性转换与拼写注意:形容词“appropriate”的名词形式为“appropriateness”(适当性),动词形式的名词为“appropriation”(拨款/挪用)。在写作中,使用名词形式能使表达更正式,例如:“The appropriateness of the measure is debatable.” 或 “The appropriation of funds requires approval.”
2. 常见搭配与句型:在考试中,形容词“appropriate”常与介词“for”或“to”连用,但二者略有区别: “appropriate for”强调适用性,如“appropriate for the occasion”(适合该场合)。 “appropriate to”强调与某事物性质相符,如“appropriate to the context”(与语境相符)。 此外,“it is appropriate that + 虚拟语气”也是高级用法,例如:“It is appropriate that he be informed immediately.”(他应立即被告知,这是合适的。)
4. 写作中的替换与提升:在写作中,用“appropriate”替代“suitable”或“proper”能提升词汇层次。例如,将“It is not suitable to talk loudly”改为“It is not appropriate to talk loudly in a library”,更显正式与准确。